1.4: Fussy Eaters

Unlocking the Whys and Hows of Canine Food Preferences

Our canine companions sometimes display selective eating habits, which can cause concern with pet guardians. However, these behavioural changes often have underlying reasons, yet we all too easily jump to the conclusion that the dog is unwell or not enjoying their food. Understanding all the various factors can help us address and overcome canine fussiness with patience and empathy.

Reasons dogs may avoid eating

• Health Issues: Dogs, like humans, can experience various health issues that affect their appetite. Pain, whether from an injury or an underlying health condition, can significantly dampen a dog's interest in food. Additionally, illnesses, digestive problems, dental issues, or discomfort due to conditions like arthritis can lead to decreased appetite or avoidance of certain types of food. If you are ever concerned that pain or illness could be a cause please contact your vet.

• Heat Cycles: When a female dog enters heat, hormonal changes can lead to fluctuations in appetite. Some dogs may experience a decrease in their usual food intake during this period due to the hormonal shifts affecting their system. The changes can also cause mood swings or discomfort, impacting their eating patterns. Please note: A few weeks (4-9 weeks roughly) after the heat cycle a female can experience a phantom pregnancy which can also affect the appetite.

• Male hormones: When a female is in heat in the neighbourhood, male dogs can sense this, even if they are no longer intact. This can vary dog to dog, but can result in them wanting to be outside more often, pacing, whining, being too aroused to eat, and more.

• Self regulation: Some dogs just do not want to eat and are well known for regulating their food intake themselves. If your dog is fit and well and shows no signs of illness or injury, they could be doing this. Some will even lose a little weight but as long as they don't drop below a 4 on the body condition chart, this is absolutely fine. You may need to simply adjust their feeding amount (slightly, never drastically) to encourage them to eat more consistently. *Note puppies under 18 months should never have their food cut too low without a medical professional's guidance. At a push you can drop to the next age brackets feeding amount but should pup look hungry please gradually increase back up.

• Weather Influence: Dogs are sensitive to changes in weather. Warmer temperatures might lead to decreased appetite, especially in breeds more prone to discomfort in heat. Additionally, humidity or changes in atmospheric pressure can impact their desire to eat. Northern breeds, German Shepherds and brachycephalic breeds tend to be most affected though any dog can be.

• New Food Experiences: Dogs can be quite particular about the textures and tastes of their food. Introducing a new protein or texture that they're unfamiliar with might lead to hesitation or rejection. It's not uncommon for dogs to take time to adjust to new food items, and some may need a gradual transition to accept these changes. Mixing a new brand or protein gradually into a much loved option can help. Day one use 1/3 of the new food, 2/3 of the old. Day 2 use 2/3 of the new food, 1/3 of the old food. Day 3 use all of the new food. You may even need to take these steps slower than this - every dog varies.

• Persistent Teething Discomfort: Even after the visible teething phase ends, some dogs might still experience discomfort in their gums or jaws. This lingering discomfort could discourage them from eating properly or cause them to be selective about their food choices.

• Food Temptations: Dogs are incredibly perceptive and intuitive animals. They may hold out for treats or better-quality food options, especially if they've received tastier treats or scraps from humans before. This behaviour can stem from their understanding that better offerings might be available if they hold out long enough. Tough love approach is recommended for this. If the food is not eaten after 15 mins in winter and 10 mins in summer, simply pop it away until the next meal time. Raw food defrosted in the fridge can last 3 days after the defrost day if stored securely in the fridge.

• Treats: Often we see fussy dogs not eating their raw meals, but we discover they are eating excessive amounts of treats and chews. Treats should be fed at no more than 10% of the daily feeding amount, so if your dog is fussy, weigh out their treats please and also consider if you need to give treats at all - treats are a luxury not a necessity, unlike their actual food

• Human / Environmental stress: Work being carried out in the local area involving loud noises, household arguments, household stress / worry / anxiety, changes in the household members such as children going away from the home or a change in adult work patterns / school times, fireworks, parties, household visitors, intense training sessions, boarding, day care - the list really does go on that can increase the stress level for dogs which in turn can lead to them feeling a bit “out of sorts”.

• Mental Stimulation: Your dog may simply find a bowl boring and want to work for their food. In fact, most pets in our homes come from working breeds so we really should see enrichment as essential to the wellbeing of our dogs. Enrichment feeders, slow feeders, puzzle games, scent work, even training can all be done with raw food (just keep raw out of the fridge no more than 10 mins in warmer weather)

Understanding these different reasons behind a dog's fussiness can guide pet owners in addressing these issues and making informed choices to encourage healthy eating habits.

Remember:

Stay Calm: The first rule of handling a fussy eater is maintaining composure. Dogs are keen observers of our emotions, so staying calm helps ease their anxiety around mealtime.

Vet Check: If your dog displays signs of illness or injury such as unexpected weight loss, lethargy, or behavioural changes, a vet visit is crucial for thorough evaluation and peace of mind.

Redefine Treats: Reduce or eliminate treats and scraps. While those puppy eyes might beg for extras, the core nutrition comes from a balanced diet of meat, bone, offal, eggs, and oily fish, followed by fruits, veggies, or supplements.

Record and Analyse: Keep a detailed diary noting brand, protein, weather, and mealtime patterns to spot trends or preferences in their eating habits.

Temperature Adjustment: Tailor food temperatures to the weather - partly frozen on warmer days to pique their interest is fine

Mealtime Management: Remove uneaten food after 10 minutes in the summer and 15 minutes in the winter, and store it for the next meal, in the fridge. Remember, defrosted raw food stays good for up to 3 days in the fridge.

Experiment with Feeding Tools: Explore alternative feeding surfaces like boards, plates, slow feeders, or lick mats to stimulate their curiosity.

Engage in Activities: Incorporate food into activities; use their natural instincts to encourage them, like hiding meatballs for a treasure hunt.

Tempting Toppers: Enhance their meal with dog-specific kefir or bone broth to entice their taste buds. A great topper to help encourage eating is the Every Day blend from River & Wren

Creative Approaches: In extreme cases, mimicking eating the food yourself might intrigue them.

Consider alternatives: If you are feeling anxious or stressed, but your vet advises your dog is fit and healthy, check out our non-raw blog - it's a bit long but will help you to make the best decision for your dog

⚠️ Cautionary Reminders: Pre-made raw dog food containing bone should never be microwaved or flash-fried.

⚠️ Understanding Signs: If your dog exhibits a hunger puke or shows determination in not eating, understand that a healthy dog won’t starve itself. Certain breeds might be more resilient in this aspect but if your dog is starving (i.e. becoming a 3 or below on the body condition chart) then seek a vet check.

⚠️ Continual Concerns: If worries persist, seek vet guidance to rule out underlying health issues affecting their appetite.

By implementing these strategies and understanding your furry friend’s needs, mealtime can evolve into a delightful experience for both you and your discerning eater. Remember, patience and observation are key as you navigate this culinary adventure with your canine companion.

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