Pyometra

What is Pyometra? Pyometra is a serious condition marked by inflammation of the uterus and the accumulation of pus.

🟢 Most Common in: Intact female dogs over five years old (though it can occur in younger dogs).

🟢 Primary Cause: Hormonal fluctuations during heat cycles.

Understanding the Risks

🐾 Dogs typically experience two heat cycles per year, during which:

✅ White blood cell levels naturally decrease in the uterus to allow sperm passage—reducing infection defence.

✅ Progesterone levels remain elevated for 8–10 weeks, thickening the uterine lining in preparation for pregnancy.

✅ The cervix, normally closed, opens during oestrus, allowing bacteria to enter.

In healthy dogs, the uterus isn't an ideal place for bacteria to thrive. However, repeated heat cycles can lead to cyst formation, which releases excess fluid and creates a breeding ground for bacteria.

🔴 Elevated progesterone also prevents uterine muscle contractions, making it difficult to expel fluids and bacteria—eventually leading to infection.

Signs to Watch For

Early symptoms of pyometra:

⚠️ Behavioural changes (increased distance or neediness, depression, irritability)

⚠️ Increased thirst & lethargy

⚠️ Loss of appetite

Late-stage symptoms:

🚨 Weakness, excessive panting

🚨 Increased water consumption

🚨 Abdominal distention, vomiting

🚨 High fever (104–106°F)

Why Early Detection is Vital

If your dog experiences any of these symptoms after a heat cycle, seek immediate veterinary care. Pyometra can progress rapidly and requires urgent intervention to prevent severe complications.

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